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Chuquicamata
Chuquicamata (), or "Chuqui" as it is more familiarly known, is by excavated volume the largest open pit copper mine in the world, located in the north of Chile, just outside of Calama at 9,350 feet (2,850m) above sea level, 215 km northeast of Antofagasta and 1,240 km north of the capital, Santiago. Flotation and smelting facilities were installed in 1952; and expansion of the refining facilities in 1968 made 500,000-ton annual copper production possible in the late 1970s. The mine is owned and operated by Codelco, a Chilean state enterprise, since the Chilean nationalization of copper in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Its depth of makes it the second deepest open-pit mine in the world (after Bingham Canyon Mine in Utah, USA).
==Etymology==
There are several versions of the meaning of Chuquicamata.〔(''La Lucha de los Mineros Contra las leyes: Chuquicamata (1900-1915) Luis Orellana Retamales'' )〕〔(''Cierre Campamento'' )〕〔(''El Mercurio, Antofagasta'' )〕〔(''Nombre de Chuquicamata'' )〕 The most widely known seems to be that it means the limit (camata) of the land of the Chucos (chuqui). Another says that it means metal (chuqui) tipped wooden (camata) spear. A third says that it means the distance (camata) that a spear (chuqui) was thrown by an Atacameño to determine the size of the copper orebody that a god intended to give him as a reward. Yet another theory is that it means 'Pico de Oro' or 'Peak of Gold'.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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